Terrorist_attacks

The following is a timeline of acts and failed attempts that can be considered non-state terrorism. Massacres more generally are listed chronologically at List of massacres; assassinations are listed by location at List of assassinated people.

There is no single accepted definition of non-state terrorism in common use. Incidents listed here are restricted to those that: (a) are not believed to have been state-sponsored; and (b) are commonly called terrorism or meet some of the commonly used criteria.

This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

1800s

• 1800: Plot of the Rue Saint-Nicaise, assassination attempt on the life of Napoleon Bonaparte, in Paris on 24 December 1800.
• 1838: The Haun\'s Mill massacre - 30 October 1838. Massacre of 18 Mormon men, women and children by the Missouri Militia.
• 1857: The Mountain Meadows massacre - September 11, 1857. Massacre of 120 men, women and children of the Fancher-Baker emigrant wagon train at Mountain Meadows in Utah Territory by Mormons and Paiute Indians.http://www.lightplanet.com/mormons/daily/history/1831_1844/hauns_eom.htm
• 1856, 1858, 1859: raids by John Brown in his fight against slaveryhttp://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/johnbrown/brownchronology.html
• 1858 Felice Orsini tried to killed the Emperor Louis Napoléon Bonaparte, and failed, killing 8 people and wounding 142 others.
• 1863: Morgan\'s Raid led by John Hunt Morganhttp://www.lawrence.com/news/2006/aug/14/morgan_walker_raid/
• 1867 5 March: Attempt to blow up Clerkenwell Prison by Fenian agents. Dynamite charges demolish nearby tenements killing six people and causing 120 casualties "including 15 permanently injured with loss of eyes, legs, arms etc."http://www.booksulster.com/library/soi/storyofireland12.php
• 1865-1877: Over 3000 Freedmen and their Republican Party allies are killed by a combination of the Ku Klux Klan and well organized campaigns of violence by local whites in a campaign of terrorist violence that overthrew the Reconstructionist governments in the American South and reestablished segregation.Jonathan M. Bryant: Ku Klux Klan in the Reconstruction Era, The New Georgia Encyclopedia, October 3, 2002The Bloody Shirt Terror After Appomattox by Stephen Budiansky Viking Press
• 1868: Attempted assassination of Prince Alfred in Sydney, Australia.http://www.shoalhaven.net.au/~cathyd/history/prince.html
• The Fenian Brotherhood attacked Canadian targets in order to bring pressure on Britain to withdraw from Ireland.http://www.historyhome.co.uk/peel/ireland/1852-68.htm
• 1881 14 January: Fenian attempt to blow up Salford Infantry Barracks kills one
• 1882 22 october A bomb exploded in Théâtre Bellecour restaurant, in Lyon, killing one employee.
• 1884 30 May: Fenian dynamite explosions demolish part of Scotland Yard and part of the Carlton Club; unexploded device found at the foot of Nelson\'s Column.http://www.met.police.uk/history/fenians.htm
• 1885 25 January: Fenian bombs explode at the Tower of London, London Bridge and two more at the House of Commons.Robin Fell. Fenians in Parliament 1885, on ALPHA DELTA PLUS a web site for officers who served at Cannon Row Police Station
• 1887 21 June: The Jubilee Plot: A British-paid Fenian agent provocateur comes close to blowing up Westminster Abbey and killing Queen Victoria.Roy Hattersley. Victoria and the big-bang theory, The Observer, Sunday May 26, 2002. reviewing a Fenian Fire: The British Government Plot to Assassinate Queen Victoria by Christy Campbell, HarperCollins.
• 1881, July 2: American President James Garfield is assassinated by religious fanatic Charles J. Guiteau.http://www.whitehouse.gov/history/presidents/jg20.html
• 1881: Tzar Alexander II of Russia is assassinated by a People\'s Will (Narodnaya volya) terrorist. ."Radzinsky, Edvard, Alexander II: The Last Great Tsar, (Freepress 2005) p. 413
• 1886: Bomb at Haymarket Square, Chicago during a labor rally causes the Haymarket Riot that kills twelve people.http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A627662
• 1891, May 11: Assassination attempt on Nicholas II of Russia by a Japanese police officer named Tsuda Sanzo.http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F20A1FFD355B17738DDDA80894D0405B868DF1D3
• 1893, 25 April The day before Ravachol judgment, a bomb exploded in Very restaurant, the place where Ravachol was arrested. The owner and one other man were killed. Théodule Meunier was later arrested in London in 1894 for the bombing
• 1893, 3 February Auguste Vaillant threw the home-made device from the public gallery of the French Chamber of Deputies in order to revenche Ravachol execution. The weakness of the device meant that the explosion only wounded one deputy.
• 1894: Explosion at the Royal Greenwich Observatory in London. The bomb goes off prematurely, killing only the bomber.http://res.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/XVIII/72/412.pdf
• 1894, 12 February One week after Auguste Vaillant execution, Emile Henry threw a bomb in the "Terminus" café, in Saint Lazare train station. 1 killed, 20 wounded. Ravachol, Vaillant and Henry were all anarchist militants.
• 1894, 4 April A bomb exploded in Foyot restaurant. The writer Laurent Tailhade lost an eye in the explosion.
• 1894, 24 June An Italian anarchist, Sante Geronimo Caserio stabbed to death the French president Sadi Carnot in order to avenge Auguste Vaillant and Emile Henry.
• 1898, September 10: Empress Elisabeth of Bavaria of Austria-Hungary (commonly called "Sissi") is stabbed to death by a young Italian anarchist named Luigi Lucheni, in Geneva.^{[citation needed]}

1900s-1940s

• 1901, September 6: American President William McKinley is assassinated by anarchist Leon Czolgosz.http://www.mckinley.lib.oh.us/McKinley/biography.htm
• 1904, May 18: Ion Perdicaris and Cromwell Varley kidnapped and ransomed by bandit Mulai Ahmed er Raisuli in Morocco.http://www.capitalcentury.com/1904.html
• 1904, June 16: Governor-General Nikolai Ivanovich Bobrikov is assassinated in Senate House in Helsinki by Finnish nationalist Eugen Schauman.http://www.hs.fi/english/article/1076153076611
• 1908, July 13: The Amalthea Bombing. 1 killed and 23 injured in attack on strikebreakers by the young socialist activist Anton Nilsson.http://www2.malmo.stadsbibliotek.org/nivelo/normal.po?sida=1148
• 1909, October 26: Assassination of Japanese Prime Minister Ito Hirobumi by Korean independence activist An Jung-geun.http://www.nndb.com/people/516/000097225/
• 1910, October 1: A bomb at the Los Angeles Times newspaper building in Los Angeles, California, United States, killed 21 workers.
• 1914, June 28: Assassination in Sarajevo of Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria and his wife, precipitating World War I.Dedijer, Vladimir. The Road to Sarajevo, Simon and Schuster, New York, 1966
• 1915, January 1: Battle of Broken Hill - Turkish nationalists shoot at civilians in the Australian town, killing six.http://www.abc.net.au/gnt/history/Transcripts/s1051016.htm
• 1915 July 2 Frank Holt, (a.k.a. Erich Muenter) a German professor exploded a bomb in the reception room of the U.S. Senate. The next morning he tried to assassinate J.P. Morgan, Jr., son of the financier whose company served as Great Britain’s principal U.S. purchasing agent for munitions and other war supplies to try and stop the United States entry into World War I against Germany.Richard A. Baker: 200 Notable Days: Senate Stories, 1787 to 2002 - Chapter IV: Origins of the modern senate, GPO, Washington D.C., p. 112
• 1920, September 16: Wall Street Bombing kills 38 people and wounds 300 others.http://www.h-net.org/~hns/articles/2001/091701a.html
• 1925, April 16: St Nedelya Church assault kills 150 people, mostly high-ranked individuals, and wounds 500 in the Bulgarian capital Sofia.Markov, Georgi. Pokusheniya, nasilie i politika v Balgariya 1878-1947. Voenno izdatelstvo, Sofia, 2003. ISBN 954-509-239-4 Peshev, Petar. Istoricheski sabitiya i deyateli, 3rd edition. Izdatelstvo na BAN, 1993. ISBN 954-430-155-0
• 1927: The Ku Klux Klan launch a wave of political terror in Alabama.
• 1933, October 10: A Boeing 247 is destroyed in midflight by a nitroglycerin bomb. All seven people aboard are killed. This incident is the first proven case of air sabotage in the history of aviation.http://www.planecrashinfo.com/1933/1933-16.htm
• 1934, October 9: Assassination of King Alexander I of Yugoslavia and French Foreign Minister Louis Barthou in Marseille by Ustashas and IMRO
• 1940 - 1956: George Metesky, "the Mad Bomber" placed over 30 bombs in New York City in public places such as Grand Central Station and The Paramount Theater injuring ten during this period in protest of the local electric utility. He also sent many threatening letters.http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F40815FF385D127A93C1A81789D95F478785F9
• 1946, July 22: Bombing of King David Hotel, the British Military HQ in Jerusalem, by the Zionist group Irgun, with 91 deaths - a mix of military and civilian. This was the first terrorist attack of the modern era in the Middle East.http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,251-2277717,00.html
• 1948, January 30: Mahatma Gandhi is assassinated by Nathuram Godse.http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/01/30/world/main2415455.shtml
• 1948, September 17: Assassination of Count Folke Bernadotte, United Nations mediator in Palestine, and his aide by Lehi.http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/Bernadotte.html

1950s

• During this and the next decade The Ku Klux Klan re-emerges. Some of the tactics used are lynching, cross burning and assassination.
• 1950, November 1: Puerto Rican nationalists fail to assassinate U.S. President Harry S. Truman.
• 1952, August 22: Hurvamorden in Hurva, Sweden. Tore Hedin killed 7 people.
• 1954, March 1: U.S. Capitol shooting incident by Puerto Rican nationalists, wounding five Congressmen.http://www.hollandsentinel.com/stories/022904/fea_022904040.shtml
• 1955, April 11: Air India "Kashmir Princess" (Lockheed Constellation) went down on the sea near Natuna Islands, Indonesia after a bomb explosion, killing 16 people. The plane was chartered by the People\'s Republic of China (PRC) government for carrying an official delegation to Bandung Conference in Bandung, Indonesia. Possible suspects include a Kuomintang (Chinese Nationalist Party) secret agent who put the bomb in the aircraft during transit in Hong Kong intending to kill PRC Prime Minister Zhou Enlai.http://www.airwhiners.net/whine_cheez/20040726.htm
• 1955, August 28: Lynching of Emmett Louis Till in Mississippi.http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/till/
• 1955, August: Members of the Algerian FLN massacre civilians in the town of Philippeville.
• 1956, September 30: The FLN sets off bombs at the office of Air France and elsewhere in Algiers.
• 1958, October 12: Bombing of the Hebrew Benevolent Congregation Temple Atlanta, Georgia suspicion done by white separatists.Greene, Melissa Faye, The Temple Bombing.

1960s

• 1960, March 4: Possible bombing of the Belgian ammunition carrier La Coubre in the port of Habana, killing over 30 people
• 1961, April 8: Omani terrorists blow up the passenger liner MV Dara, killing 238 people
• 1963: 16th Street Baptist Church bombing. A member of the Ku Klux Klan bombed a Church in Birmingham, Alabama, killing four girls aged 11-14.
• 1963, November 22: U.S. President John F. Kennedy is assassinated while riding in an open vehicle in Texas.
• 1965: The Ku Klux Klan murders Viola Liuzzo, a Southern-raised white mother of five who was visiting the South from her home in Detroit to attend a civil rights march. At the time of her murder Liuzzo was transporting Civil Rights Marchers.
• 1965: The Monumental Plot - New York Police thwart an attempt to dynamite the Statue of Liberty, Liberty Bell, and the Washington Monument by three members of the pro Castro Black Liberation Front and a Quebec Separatist.Time Magazine: The Monumental Plot, February 26, 1965
• 1966, March 8: A group of former IRA men planted a bomb that destroyed Nelson\'s Pillar in Dublin
• 1966: Ulster Volunteer Force declares war on the IRA; on June 26 they commit three sectarian murders.
• 1966: NAACP leader Vernon Dahme assassinated by firebomb exploded by The Ku Klux Klan.
• 1966, September 22: A bazooka attack on the Cuban embassy in Ottawa is made.
• 1966, October 5: Anti-Castro forces bomb the offices of the Cuban trade delegation in Ottawa.
• 1967: May - December: In the Hong Kong 1967 riots, evolved from civil disobedience to terrorism. Leftists killed at least 51 people including eleven policemen, a bomb expert of the British forces and a fireman, through murders or bombs.
• 1968: During a student rebellion at Columbia University members of the Students for a Democratic Society and Student Afro-American Society held a Dean hostage demanding an end to both military research on campus and construction of a gymnasium in nearby Harlem.Columbia University—Barnard Electronic Archive and Teaching Laboratory: EIGHT DAYS IN APRIL (1968), April 1, 1999
• 1968, June 6: Senator Robert F. Kennedy assassinated by Sirhan Sirhan.
• 1968 December 26: Two Palestinian gunmen travel from Beirut to Athens, and attack an El Al jet there, killing one person
• 1969, February 13: the Front de Libération du Québec (FLQ) set off a powerful bomb that ripped through the Montreal Stock Exchange causing massive destruction and seriously injuring 27 people.
• 1969, December 12: Piazza Fontana bombing in Milan, killing 16 people.

1970s-2000s

See also

• Category:Terrorism by country
• Terrorist organizations
• List of assassinated persons
• Aircraft hijacking
• List of massacres

References

External links

• U.S. National Counterterrorism Center\'s Worldwide Incidents Tracking System
• MIPT Terrorism Knowledge Base
• Fatal Terrorist Attacks in Israel since the Declaration of Principles (September 1993) to September 2000
• US State Department\'s List of Significant Terrorist Incidents (1961 - 2003)
• Terrorism Incidents at the Open Directory Project
• Terrorism Time Line
• History of Terrorism : Timeline of Terrorist Acts - Chronology
• Thinkquest: Timeline of Terror
• Time.com: A Timeline of Terrorism - Hits and Misses
• Infoplease: Terrorist Attacks on Americans
• Infoplease: Terrorist Attacks (within the United States or against Americans abroad)
• Frontline : Terrorist Attacks on Americans
• PBS FRONTLINE/New York Times "Al Qaeda\'s New Front" Chronology of significant plots uncovered in Europe both before and after 9/11. January 2004
• "Ephéméride Anarchiste" Listing anarchist terrorist incidents in France, or others countries. In French.

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