For the 1993 film, see The Beverly Hillbillies (film).
The Beverly Hillbillies is an American television series about a hillbilly family transplanted to Beverly Hills, California after finding oil on their land. A Filmways production, the series aired on CBS from September 26, 1962, - March 23, 1971 and comprises 274 episodes -- 106 in black-and-white (1962-1965), and 168 in color (1965-1971). The show starred Buddy Ebsen as Jed Clampett, Irene Ryan as Daisy "Granny" Moses, Donna Douglas as Elly May Clampett, and Max Baer, Jr. as Jethro Bodine.
Overview
At the beginning of The Beverly Hillbillies series, patriarch Jed Clampett strikes oil while hunting on his land in Tennessee. He then moves with his family to the wealthy Los Angeles County city of Beverly Hills, California, where he attempts to live a rural life despite his wealth. This sequence of events was recapitulated in the title credits for each show, and was described in the lyrics of the theme song, so that new viewers would easily understand who the Hillbillies were and why they were in Beverly Hills. Lasting nine season and accumlating 11 emmy\'s on 27 nominations it remains in syndication on several cable stations including TV Land.
The Hillbillies themselves were Buddy Ebsen as the widowed patriarch Jed "J.D." Clampett; Irene Ryan as his mother-in-law, Daisy "Granny" Moses; Donna Douglas as his daughter Elly May Clampett; and Max Baer, Jr. as his cousin\'s son Jethro Bodine.
The supporting cast featured Raymond Bailey as Jed\'s greedy banker Milburn Drysdale; Harriet E. MacGibbon as Drysdale\'s snobbish wife Margaret Drysdale; and Nancy Kulp as Drysdale\'s secretary, "Miss" Jane Hathaway, who pined for the clueless Jethro.
Jed\'s cousin Pearl Bodine (played by Bea Benaderet) was Jethro\'s mother. She appeared in several episodes during the first season, as did Jethro\'s twin sister Jethrine, played by Baer in drag, using Linda Kaye Henning\'s voiceover.
Although not a major character, actress Sharon Tate, had a recurring role during the early years of the series. Tate appeared in a dark wig as Janet Trego, an assistant to Miss Hathaway at the Commerce Bank.
Veteran canine actor Stretch portrayed Jed\'s bloodhound Duke, and the many other animal actors on the series came to be known as "Elly May\'s critters".
Theme music
The theme song "The Ballad of Jed Clampett" was written by producer and writer Paul Henning and originally performed by Bluegrass artists Flatt and Scruggs. The song was sung by Jerry Scoggins (backed by Flatt and Scruggs) over the opening and end credits of each episode. It was #44 on the music charts in 1962 and a #1 country hit. Flatt and Scruggs also had another Billboard country top ten hit with the comic "Pearl, Pearl, Pearl," an ode to the feminine charms of Miss Pearl Bodine who was featured in the episode "Jed Throws a Wingding," the first of several Flatt and Scruggs appearances on the show.
The six main cast members participated on a 1963 Columbia Records soundtrack album which featured original song numbers in character. Additionally, Ebsen, Ryan, and Douglas each made a few solo recordings following the show\'s success, including Ryan\'s 1966 novelty single, "Granny\'s Miniskirt".
The series generally featured no country music beyond the bluegrass banjo theme song, although country star Roy Clark and the team of Flatt and Scruggs occasionally played on the program. Pop singer Pat Boone appeared on one episode as himself, with the premise that he hailed from the same area of the country as the Clampetts.
Popularity
The Beverly Hillbillies never took itself too seriously. It was a farce, pure and simple, with plenty of slapstick and word-play. After its run, one TV critic called the premise of the show "one joke, nine years."
Despite being panned by some critics, the show shot to the top of the Nielsen Ratings shortly after its premiere and stayed there for several seasons. During its first two seasons, it was the number one program in the U.S. During its second season, it earned some of the highest ratings ever recorded for a half-hour sitcom. The season 2 episode The Giant Jackrabbit also became the most watched telecast up to the time of its airing, and still remains the most watched half-hour episode of a sitcom as well[The Beverly Hillbillies: The Giant Jackrabbit - TV.com] It was ranked in the top ten most watched prime time programs for six of its nine seasons.
The series received two Emmy nominations for Best Comedy Series as well as nominations for cast members Irene Ryan and Nancy Kulp.
Influence on other television shows
Because of the show\'s high ratings, CBS asked creator Paul Henning to pen two more folksy comedies, spawning a mini-genre of rural sitcoms during the 1960s. Petticoat Junction featured an extended family, including three pretty young women of marrying age, running a small hotel in the isolated rural town of Hooterville. Green Acres flipped the Clampetts\' fish-out-of-water concept by depicting two city sophisticates moving to Hooterville, which was populated by oddball country bumpkins.
Certain actors appeared on more than one of these series:
- Bea Benaderet, who had played Jethro\'s mother during the first season of The Beverly Hillbillies, was the mother of the family on Petticoat Junction.
- Linda Kaye Henning, who provided the voiceover for the Beverly Hillbillies character Jethrine, portrayed Benaderet\'s daughter Betty Jo Bradley on Petticoat Junction.
- Edgar Buchanan, who starred in all 222 episodes of Petticoat Junction, and guest-starred in 17 episodes of Green Acres, also guested in 3 episodes of The Beverly Hillbillies, always as the character Uncle Joe Carson.
- Several animal actors trained by Frank Inn, including Higgins the dog, also moved between series as needed.
Despite the actor cross-overs and the character Uncle Joe Carson\'s multiple appearances (which made it clear that the three shows were set in the same fictional universe), the two Hooterville series retained identities that were distinct from The Beverly Hillbillies.
Cancellation and "the Rural Purge"
Nielsen ratings for the 1970-71 season indicate that the bottom had dropped out for the perennial Top 30 series but was still fairly popular when it was canceled in 1971 after 274 episodes. The CBS network, prompted by pressure from advertisers seeking a more sophisticated urban audience, decided to refocus its schedule on several "hip" new urban-themed shows, and to make room for them, all of CBS\'s rural-themed comedies were simultaneously canceled. This action came to be known as "the Rural Purge". Pat Buttram, who played Mr. Haney on Green Acres, famously remarked that, "It was the year CBS killed everything with a tree in it."[Ken Berry interview]
In addition to The Beverly Hillbillies, the series that were eliminated included Green Acres, Mayberry R.F.D. and Hee Haw, the latter of which was resurrected in first-run syndication, where it ran for another 21 years. Petticoat Junction had been canceled a year earlier due to declining ratings following the death of its star Bea Benaderet.
The 1981 CBS TV movie
In 1981, a Return of the Beverly Hillbillies TV movie was aired on the CBS network. Irene Ryan had died, so her character was written out and made granny\'s sister. Max Baer refused to reprise the role that both started and stymied his career, so the character of Jethro Bodine was given to another actor, Ray Young.
The familiar Clampett mansion was not used as a location, as its owners sought too much money to lease it. The plot had Jed back in Bugtussle, while Elly May and the recast Jethro remained in the Golden State. Jane Hathaway had become a Department of Energy agent and was seeking Granny\'s "White Lightnin\'" recipe to combat the energy crisis. Since Granny had gone on to "her re-ward", it was up to Granny\'s centenarian "Maw" (Imogene Coca) to divulge the secret brew\'s ingredients. Subplots dealt with Jethro playing an egocentric, starlet-starved Hollywood producer, Jane and her boss (Werner Klemperer) having a romance, and Elly May owning a petting zoo. The four main characters finally got together by the end of the story. This TV-movie was made a scant decade after the last episode of the series; nonetheless, some viewers felt that the spirit of the series was lost on many fronts.
The 1993 The Beverly Hillbillies film returned the storyline to its original premise, retelling the arrival of the Clampetts in Beverly Hills.
Re-runs, videocassettes, DVDs, and merchandise
Reruns of The Beverly Hillbillies are still televised daily around the world in syndication. The show is broadcast on TV Land many times throuhgout each day of the week, including weekends, albeit being heavily edited that obstructed the pace of the story and character development. The show is distributed by CBS Television Distribution, the syndication arm of CBS Paramount Television.
Many episodes of the first two seasons of the series are in the public domain because their copyrights were erroneously not renewed by CBS, which bought the rights to the series shortly after its cancellation. As a result, these episodes have been unofficially released on home video and DVD on many low-budget labels, and shown on low-power television stations and low-budget networks in 16 mm prints. In many video prints of the public domain episodes, the original and much-loved theme music is replaced by generic music due to copyright issues.
However, before his death, Paul Henning, whose estate now holds the original film elements to the public domain episodes, authorized MPI Home Video to officially release the best of the first two seasons on DVD, the first "ultimate collection" of which was released in the fall of 2005. These collections include the original, uncut versions of the season one episodes, complete with their original theme music and opening sponsor plugs. Vol. 1 has, among its bonus features, the alternate, un-aired version of the pilot film, The Hillbillies Of Beverly Hills (the version of the episode that sold the series to CBS), and the "cast commercials" (cast members pitching the products of the show\'s sponsors) originally shown at the end of each episode.
For many years, 20th Century Fox, through a joint venture with CBS called CBS/Fox Video, officially released select episodes of Hillbillies on videocassette. After Viacom merged with CBS, Paramount Home Entertainment (which was acquired by Viacom in 1994) took over the video rights.
In 2006, Paramount announced plans to release the copyrighted episodes in boxed sets through CBS DVD later that year. The release has yet to occur as of February 2008.
In 1993, a 110 card set of Beverly Hillbillies trading cards was released by Eclipse Comics. Although timed to coincide with the release of the 1993 Beverly Hillbillies film, these cards featured photos from the original television series, with storylines and character details on the back. That same year, Ebsen, Douglas, and Baer reunited onscreen for the only time in the TBS retrospective television special, "The Legend of the Beverly Hillbillies".
Characters and critters
- Jed
- Although he had received little formal education, Jed Clampett had practical common sense. A good-natured man, he was the ostensible head of the family. Jed was shown to be an expert marksman and was extremely loyal to his family and kinfolk. It was his missed rifle shot which led to the discovery of a huge oil pool in the swamp he owned. This was the beginning of his rags-to-riches journey to Beverly Hills. Although he longed for the old ways back in the hills of Tennessee, he made the best of being in Beverly Hills. Whenever he had anything on his mind, he would sit on the curbstone of his mansion and whittle until he came up with the answer. Incidentally, Jedediah, the version of Jed\'s name used in the 1993 Beverly Hillbillies theatrical movie, was never mentioned in the original television series (though ironically, on Ebsen\'s subsequent series, Barnaby Jones, Barnaby\'s nephew J.R. was also named Jedediah). On one episode Jed and Granny reminese about seeing Buddy Ebsen and Vilma Ebsen-a joking reference to the Ebsen\'s song and dance act.
- Granny
- Shotgun-toting Granny had insights into human nature. She styled herself an "M.D." — "mountain doctor" — claiming to have a complete knowledge of herbs, potions and tonics. She was extremely scrappy and was an expert at wielding a double-barreled, 12-gauge shotgun, although the one time she actually fired it, unknown to her, Mr Drysdale had replaced the shotgun pellets with bacon rind and rock salt after he arranged for Hollywood stunt men to dress up as fake Native Americans to "attack" the Clampett mansion. She was also able to tell the precise time, to the minute and even the second, by looking at the position of the sun. Paul Henning, the series\' creator, clearly disposed of the idea of Granny being Jed\'s mother, which would have changed the show\'s dynamics, making Granny the matriarch and Jed subordinate to her. As Jed\'s mother-in-law, she could be feisty, but her ideas could also be overruled. Two of Granny\'s phobias were "injuns" {she actually bought wigs so the Clampets wouldn\'t be "scalped"} and the "cement pond" (she has a fear of water). In a long story arc in the show\'s eighth season, Elly May dates a U.S. Navy frogman, which confuses Granny: After seeing the frogman climb out of the pool in his skin-diving wear, she thinks that anyone who swims in the pool will be turned into a frog!
Granny\'s full name, Daisy Moses, was a homage to the popular and dearly loved folk artist Anna Mary Robertson, known to the world as Grandma Moses. Grandma Moses died in 1961, a year before The Beverly Hillbillies made its television debut.
- Jethro
- Jethro was incredibly ignorant and self centered. He was particularly proud of his ed-ja-ma-cation: he spent 12 years at school — before passing the sixth grade. After that, he decided to go to college. He managed to enroll late in the semester at a local secretarial school due to his financial backing, and earned his diploma by the end of the day because he didn\'t understand what was going on in class and was too disruptive.
Many stories in the series involved Jethro\'s endless career search, which included such diverse vocations as brain surgeon, Double-naught spy, Hollywood producer, and soda jerk. While working as a producer, Jethro called himself "Beef Jerky", a wannabe playboy and man-about-town sophisticate. Out of all the Clampett Clan, he was the one who made the most changes from \'country bumpkin\' to \'city boy.\' Another running gag is that Jethro was known as the "Six foot stomach" for his ability to eat: in one episode he ate a jetliner\'s entire supply of steaks. Jethro could never succeed in any career he tried, although in the non-canonical 1981 TV-movie version of the The Beverly Hillbillies, he finally found the career he was best suited for, becoming a Hollywood studio mogul. {One episode of the original series has a Movie Executive remarking that Jethro has the qualifications for being a Movie producer-a 6 grade education and his uncle owns the studio!}
- Elly May
- Elly May was a strong capable girl. She could throw a fastball as well as "rassle" any man to a fall. She was as stunningly beautiful as she was naïve, and was squired about by eager young Hollywood actors with stage names like "Dash Riprock" and "Bolt Upright". (Obvious puns on the actors Rock Hudson, Tab Hunter, Gig Young, and Rip Torn.) Dash Riprock was a particularly interesting character who made several appearances; he was torn between his attraction to Elly and some sympathy for Jethro and his fear of "those crazy Clampetts."
Elly May\'s name was a homage to the character of Ellie May Lester in the Erskine Caldwell rural life novel Tobacco Road. The book was also made into a long-running play. In 1941, it was adapted into a comedy-drama movie directed by John Ford, and featured Gene Tierney as Ellie May who, at the age of 23, was considered an "old maid." In the 1981 TV movie of The Beverly Hillbillies-Elly May is head of a zoo.
- Duke
- The Clampetts\' family dog. He\'s an old bloodhound that Jed had bought for four bits, (50 cents) when he was a puppy. In early episodes, Jethro tried to teach Duke to fetch sticks, though to Jed, it looked as if Duke taught Jethro how to do that trick. In a couple of episodes, Duke got involved with a french poodle that was brought in to mate with Ms. Drysdale\'s pampered pooch Claude. Apparently, the poodle had better taste and had Duke\'s puppies instead. When Ms Drysdale wanted Claude to get revenge against Duke, Jed warned her that \'he\'d seen that old hound dog hold his own against a bobcat.\'
- The Drysdales
- The Drysdales were the Clampetts\' neighbors. Although Mrs. Drysdale had obvious disdain for their neighbors, Mr. Drysdale was willing to do anything to keep them next door so as to not lose control of their millions, which were on deposit in his bank. Between Mrs. Drysdale and Mr. Drysdale there existed a subtle social commentary on class issues, specifically whether "breeding" or actual wealth should be the determinants that entitle a person to join the privileged class.
Mrs. Drysdale had aristocratic views on class, restricting her social contact to people who were born of pure blood. To her, the most desirable people were those whose ancestors had been among the first settlers of colonial America. She had a xenophobic dislike of immigrants and interlopers, of whom she saw the Clampetts as the worst example, and she continually led outlandish campaigns to rid her city of the uncouth hillbillies. Her position was undercut when it was revealed in one episode that, while Mrs. Drysdale was descended from Mayflower immigrants, the Clampett family had actually arrived earlier, at the founding of Jamestown. Mrs. Drysdale\'s worldview was turned upside down when she was told, "When your ancestors arrived on the Mayflower, Mr. Clampett\'s were there waiting for them." (This line, incidentally, was originated by the cowboy-comedian Will Rogers, who repeatedly used it against Anglo-American snobs to point out his own proud Cherokee heritage.)
Mr. Drysdale, like the Clampetts, had country roots, although his were in the distant past. One very early episode had Granny chasing Mr. Drysdale with a shotgun after he told her his family was also from Tennessee -- a family that was in a feud with Granny\'s family.
Mr. Drysdale, unlike his wife, placed wealth above prestige. He clung to people with money and had far more respect for the Clampetts, despite their backwoods ways, than he did for Mrs. Drysdale\'s son, Sonny, who didn\'t believe in getting his hands dirty with work. Mr. Drysdale\'s reverence for the Clampetts was so great that despite the fact that they had a backwoods approach to life, he saw everything they did as unquestionably right (because they had money) and bent over backwards to rearrange the rest of the world to cater to their whims. For instance, when Jethro wanted to enroll in an elite boarding school, the headmistress has problems with the situation for several obvious reasons, but Mr. Drysdale leveraged his deed on the school mortgage as clout to force the school to admit Jethro. During World War II Drysdale was a stateside Quartermaster Sergeant who was nicknamed "Dracula" Drysdale for charging 40% daily interest on loans! One of Drysdale\'s clients had to transfer to the Paratroops for more pay and ended up a POW; years later as Sherriff\'s Deputy he had the satisfaction of arresting Drysdale for dressing up like Paul Von Hindenburg in a tank at a city Park! {Drysdale had dressed up like a German Field Marshal to please Jethro who was dressed like George S. Patton! Raymond Bailey had a brief scene as a US Navy Admirial in the 1961 comedy The Absent-Minded Professor; by coincidence Harriet MacGibbon starred in the "Flubber" 1963 sequel Son of Flubber}
- Jane Hathaway
- Jane Hathaway, whom the Clampetts addressed as "Miss Jane," was Drysdale\'s loyal and efficient assistant. Though she always carried out his wishes, she was inherently decent and was frequently put off by her boss\' greed. Unlike Drysdale (who was merely interested in the Clampetts\' wealth), Jane was genuinely fond of them (to the Clampetts, she was considered family), and actually harbored something of a crush on Jethro for most of the series\' run. Miss Hathaway frequently has to "rescue" Drysdale from his idotic schemes, receiving little or no thanks for her efforts. In one episode, she and Granny, disguised as "geisha girls," finally have enough and "crown" Drysdale and Jethro, who have made one too many comments about women serving men!
- Sonny
- Episodes in 1962 and 1966 featured Mrs. Drysdale\'s ne\'er-do-well son, Sonny (played by Louis Nye), a Mama\'s Boy whose "career" consisted of going to college -- after "retiring" from the US Air Force. Sonny was at one point a potential husband for Elly May. When he jilted her, there was nearly a feud.
- Pearl
- Jed\'s cousin Pearl Bodine was Jethro\'s mother. Although a popular character, often used as a foil for Granny, she disappeared after the first year, for the simple reason that Bea Benaderet, the actress who portrayed her, had become the star of another Paul Henning series, Petticoat Junction. Like Elly May, Pearl\'s name came from that of a character (Pearl Lester) in the popular rural-life novel, play, and film Tobacco Road.
- Dash Riprock
- Dash was the handsome Hollywood actor that Mr. Drysdale conned into courting Elly May. Jethro, however, was more enamored with Dash and his playboy persona than was his comely cousin. Riprock was a send-up of the cookie-cutter studio names employed by 1960s Hollywood, who included Rock Hudson, Rip Torn, Gig Young, Tab Hunter, et.al. Riprock\'s real name (before being changed by Hollywood moguls) was "Homer Noodleman."
- Visiting hill-folk
- Occasionally characters from the hills made appearances — Lafe Crick, a lazy and boorish yet oddly charismatic fellow who was hoping to help himself to a bit of the Clampett fortune, appeared at one point, fooling everyone about his intentions except Granny and Jed. Additionally, the ukulele-strumming Jazzbo Depew appeared to woo Jethrine Bodine in a few episodes.
- Elly May\'s "critters"
- Elly May had a deep rapport with animals and adopted a great diversity of them. These animals were collectively known as her "critters". The critters included numerous dogs/puppies, and cats/kittens, as well as a deer, an opossum, a bear, some goats, a raccoon, a kangaroo, and a several chimpanzees. One chimpanzee, named "Cousin Bessie", wore a dress and was prominently featured in many episodes. As with Elly May and Pearl, who were named for characters from the popular Erskine Caldwell novel, play, and film, Tobacco Road, Cousin Bessie\'s name also drew on that of a character from Tobacco Road, Sister Bessie. A running gag is Jethro complaining that "cousin Bessie" being smarter than he is!
The trainer of all the animals in the series was Frank Inn, who also trained the animals for the contemporaneous rural comedy series Petticoat Junction and Green Acres.
Discrepancies
In episode 258, "The Frog Family", Granny told a psychiatrist that Jed and Jethro were second cousins (a common error when actually referring to a "first cousin once removed"). In the same episode, Granny also recounted a story about Jethro\'s father, Fred Bodine, who died in a drowning incident.
A running joke is Granny\'s loyalty and revisionist history in regards to the "Boys in Grey", but she hails from the Great Smoky Mountains in Eastern Tennessee, which although part of the Confederacy remained loyal to the Union.
Although Bug Tussle, Tennessee, is given as the Clampett\'s hometown early in the series, there are other references in later episodes which suggest an origin in the Ozarks of Arkansas or Missouri. Injoke references also suggest Bug Tussle is near Silver Dollar City or near Hooterville of Green Acres and Petticoat Junction.
Series storylines
Most episodes revolved around the clash between the "uncivilized" hillbilly culture represented by the Clampetts and the "civilized" American culture of the Drysdales. The Clampetts lived as they always had, even in their large, elegant mansion, never abandoning their mountain attire or replacing the old rattletrap truck in which they had they moved to California. All the Hillbillies were handy with firearms and always seemed to have their weapons close at hand and ready to draw. They continued to grow their own food, and Granny made lye soap and moonshine. The extreme potency of the moonshine liquor and the harshness of the lye soap were running gags throughout the run of the series.
As another running joke, the movie theaters back in the hills were still showing films from the silent movie era and the Hillbillies were unaware of talking pictures or more contemporary movie stars. Granny\'s favorite actor was Hoot Gibson, but she also had an intense crush on William S. Hart, and the whole Clampett family adored Mary Pickford. Silent movie legend Gloria Swanson made a memorable guest appearance on the show as herself in an episode that featured a comic parody of a silent melodrama. The Clampetts did, however, have a television, on which they watched soap operas and "rasslin\'", as well as John Wayne movies, as he was apparently one of the few "talkie" movie stars of whom they were aware. Wayne made a brief cameo as himself after the Clampett mansion was "attacked" by stuntmen dressed as native Americans.
Pearl and Granny often fought for kitchen supremacy. Pearl once told Granny "a blood cousin trumps a mother-in-law". This underscored a familial disconnect between Jethro and Granny; although they shared no bloodlines, Jethro still called her "Granny" (as did everyone else on the show, including Jane and the Drysdales). Other than their kitchen wars, relations between Granny and Pearl were generally friendly. The second season began with a brief mention of Pearl having moved back to the hills, an ironic departure, as it was Pearl who had urged Jed to move to California. The change came about because actress Bea Benaderet had left the show to star in Petticoat Junction). Mrs. Drysdale soon became Granny\'s main sparring partner.
Although both Douglas and Baer were well into their twenties when the series started, during the first years of the series, their characters were supposed to be teenagers. Elly May was enrolled in an elite girls\' school in the first season, although no further mention was made of her education in later episodes. Jethro was enrolled in a sixth-grade class with much younger students; a few episodes later on, the scripts suggested that he was still in school.
A running theme during the series involved the outlandish efforts Mr. Drysdale took to keep the Clampetts in Beverly Hills (and their money in his bank). Their desires to return to the mountains were often prompted by Granny after some perceived slight she received from the "city-folk" around them. Drysdale went so far as to recreate the log cabin the Clampetts had lived in and place it right next to the "cee-ment pond" and the still Granny had installed to make moonshine. Another time Drysdale followed the Clampetts to the "Hills" and bought up the Silver Dollar City "bank" just to make sure he had a controlling interest in the Clampetts\' money. One running gag was that when Jed would take money out of his pocket, Drysdale\'s blood pressure would go up. A similar running joke was that when it seemed the Clampetts would take their money out of his bank, Drysdale\'s face would turn green.
Another frequent source of humor dealt with Jethro\'s endless career search, which included such diverse vocations as soda jerk, brain surgeon, Hollywood celebrity, and secret "double nought" agent/spy. Jethro coveted movie star fame and relished becoming a "playboy" like Elly\'s sometimes-beau Dash Riprock (Larry Pennell). Jethro\'s stupidity usually caused such career attempts to fail spectacularly, as when he decided to open a "topless" restaurant ("The Happy Gizzard"), where the waiters and waitresses were hatless. The one time in the series when Jethro almost succeeded as a "Holywood celebrity" was when "Cousin Roy" {Roy Clark} tried to get Jethro to back him up as a country singer in Hollywood; Jethro refused and failed as usual. Only once did Jethro succeded in something-when he had to rescue a Bird Watchers girl troop who fell into the "cement pond" {they were attacked by ants}-Jethro got a "lifesaving badge"!
Misunderstandings were a general source of humor in the program — either the Clampetts did not understand something they had never encountered before such as a water faucet, or when various city dwellers could not comprehend something the Clampetts were talking about, as when a group of businessmen overheard Jed talking about "crawdads" and concluded that he was discussing a new type of military vehicle, which they wanted to invest in.
The Clampetts went back to the hills for Christmas during the first season but did not return there again until the eighth season, during which several episodes were filmed on location at Silver Dollar City in Branson, Missouri. During this period, Shugh Fisher and Elvia Allman joined the cast in the semi-regular roles of Jed\'s eccentric friend "Shorty" and Granny\'s arch-nemesis Elverna Bradshaw, respectively.
One constant throughout the series was that the Hillbillies, who were scrupulously honest, were surrounded by cynical, conniving and money-hungry "city-folk," whose plans were always foiled (usually unknowingly) by the Clampetts.
Ratings
Running jokes
The show relied on running jokes to maximize the humorous potential of the "culture clash." Some of these were designed to show how the Hillbillies were, in fact, wiser than their Hollywood counterparts:
- Granny fancied herself an "M.D." which stood for Mountain Doctor (instead of Medical Doctor) and had very archaic methods of treating disease but sometimes they seemed to work. She correctly diagnosed Mr. Drysdale as having high blood pressure. Granny relied heavily on alcohol as a treatment (giving someone a "shot" to cure a disease referred to a shot of alcohol).
- Granny also had an uncanny knack for predicting the weather (specifically, when it was going to rain) using seemingly archaic methods that were in fact more accurate than the weather reports.
- Jethro, despite being the least intelligent member of the family, was steadfast in his insistence that he was a genius because he had a sixth grade ed-ja-ma-cation and felt that he was qualified for a future career as a brain surgeon. The family seemed to support the notion that Jethro was indeed highly educated and should be treated as such, but they sometimes caught on to his lack of common sense. He often exhibited such extreme naiveté that even the family would notice, leading Jed to say "Someday, I gotta have a long talk with that boy."
- Elly May had poor culinary skills; the results were not only inedible but, when the clan discreetly fed her meals to the backyard plants so as not to hurt her feelings, the plants died.
- Jethro and Jed felt that by whittling on their front porch they could attract dates just as in the hills.
- Mr. Drysdale would do practically anything to keep the Clampetts happy, because they were his bank\'s #1 depositor, and he wanted their money to be kept on deposit. The ridiculous lengths that he went through to please the Clampetts were often the source of the confusion that enabled a simple premise to be stretched out over a half-hour plot.
- Mr. Drysdale also worked tirelessly to talk the Clampetts out of making any big money expenditures, as he would just as soon see the money remain in his bank. These efforts generally ended in failure.
- Elly May could win in a fight against Jethro and would easily and often be tempted into a fight.
- Granny repeatedly pushed for Elly May to get married because at 19 she would be an old maid.
- The family was fascinated by their swimming pool which they called a "cement pond" (pronounced SEE-ment pond), but they never seemed to grasp that it should be used exclusively for swimming. Granny sometimes did the laundry in it.
- The Clampetts never discovered the source of the sound that took place a few times prior to someone showing up at the front door (the doorbell).
- The family used the billiard table for "fancy-eating" — they even used pool cues as "pot-passers" and "meat stabbers". They were confused as to why the room was named as it was, and assumed it referred to the mounted rhino head on the wall, which they called a "billiard" (pronouncing it \'bill-E-ard\').
- Mr. Drysdale was notoriously cheap and would promise staffers and his assistant Miss Hathaway a raise in exchange for helping him out of a jam and then cheat his way out of making the payment once the task was complete.
- Granny insisted that the South had won the American Civil War. She claimed that Robert E. Lee merely handed Ulysses S. Grant his sword so that Grant could sharpen it for him. She would also chastise Jethro when he argued with her over it. She also insisted that Jefferson Davis was still President in one episode.
- The \'young-uns\' (usually Jethro) were often threatened with -and sometimes given- a "switchin\'", usually by Granny.
Malaprops and colloquialisms
- If she fell in the river, they\'d skim ugly for two weeks (Jed\'s reference to a homely girl)
- As tongue tied as a love sick school boy
- Cee-ment pond (the swimming pool)
- Cleaner than a hound\'s tooth
- Critters (any animal par.Elly May\'s assorted pets)
- Double-naught spy (Jethro\'s version of the James Bond \'00\' spies)
- A billiard (bill-E-ard) (A rhino, because the stuffed rhino head is mounted on the wall of the billiard room)
- Stars and Bars (The Confederate Flag)
- Fancy eatin\' table (the billiard table)
- Fancy eatin\' room (the billiard room)
- Faversham (name of a character mistaken as a greeting)
- fay-ver-rite (how the Hillbillies pronounced favorite)
- Fire-spittin\' bicycle (Jethro\'s motorcycle)
- Pot passers (pool cues)
- Fancy leather lunch boxes (briefcases)
- Feelin\' lower than a well digger\'s heel
- Feelin\' lower than a snake\'s belly in a wagon rut
- Lower than a hog\'s jowl on market day
- Frisky as a flea on a fat dog
- Gazintas (division, ie: two gazinta (goes into)six three times)
- Green (naive, gullible, easily deceived)
- He was only greenin\' ya! (He was only fooling you!)
- Hot smokin\' sassafras! (This inspired the title of the Bubble Puppy\'s only hit song)
- Happier than a cat at a fish fry
- If brains were lard, his wouldn\'t grease too big a pan
- Makin\' more racket than a jack ass in a tin barn
- Makin\' more noise than a heifer going through a dry thicket
- Nervous as a long tailed cat in a room full of rocking chairs
- Old violins make the sweetest music, o\' course you gotta have the right bow (beau) -- said when Granny went courtin\'
- Ornery as a mud wasp in a dry gourd
- P-new-moe-nie (pneumonia)
- Polecat (a skunk)
- Pretty as a bag filled with striped candy
- Pretty as fresh-churned butter
- Pretty as a mess o\' fried catfish
- Rootin\' around like a hog in a new pen
- Runnin\' like a bee-stung cat
- Set a spell (sit for a while)
- Showin\' more meat than a butcher\'s window (scantily dressed)
- Spark/sparkin\' (court/courting, date/dating)
- Squawking like a two-pound chicken laying a three-pound egg
- Switchin\' (Spanking)
- Varmints (slang for vermin, usually used by Granny as an insult)
- Vittles (victuals, which is actually pronounced "vittles"; food)
- We-e-e-ll doggies! (Jed\'s characteristic expression of impressed astonishment)
- You\'re green enough to stick in the ground and grow.
- You\'re totin\' water with a leaky bucket.
- Deep fried in possum fat (a method of cooking)
- You\'re dropping your bucket down an empty well.
- I\'m gonna fetch my shotgun.
- One of these days I\'ve got to have a long talk with that boy.
- Fixin\' ta\' (getting ready to do something)
- Directly (as soon as possible)
- Sunday-Go-To-Meetin\' Clothes (formal attire)
- Slick-um-Smell-um (Jed\'s hair tonic and/or cologne)
- Naught (zero)
- Where that man spits, grass don\'t grow any more (reference to Judge \'Vinegar\' Joe)
- Cal-uh-forn-ny (California)
Trivia
- Almost all the actors (Buddy Ebsen, Irene Ryan & Donna Douglas) appeared in all 274 episodes of the series, with the exception of Max Baer, Jr., who appeared in the second highest amount of episodes, appearing in 273 of the 274 episodes.
- With the passing of Buddy Ebsen on July 6, 2003, Max Baer, Jr. & Donna Douglas are the only two surviving cast members of The Beverly Hillbillies.
See also
References
External links
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from Wikipedia
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